\( \DeclareMathOperator{cosec}{cosec} \)

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International Baccalaureate Mathematics

Functions

Syllabus Content

Composite functions. Identity function. Finding the inverse function f-1(x)

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Furthermore

Official Guidance, clarification and syllabus links:

\((f \circ g)(x)=f(g(x)) \)

\((f \circ f^{-1})(x)=(f^{-1} \circ f)(x)=x \)

The existence of an inverse for one-to-one functions.

Link to: concept of inverse function as a reflection in the line \(y=x\) (SL 2.2).


Composite functions involve combining two or more functions to create a new function. The identity function, denoted as \( f(x) = x \), is a simple function where the output is the same as the input. Finding the inverse function, \( f^{-1}(x) \), involves swapping the x and y values in the original function and solving for y, which represents the new function \( f^{-1}(x) \).

The key formula for a composite function where two functions \( f \) and \( g \) are combined is given by: $$ (f \circ g)(x) = f(g(x)) $$ To find the inverse function \( f^{-1}(x) \), the equation \( y = f(x) \) is rearranged to make \( x \) the subject: $$ x = f^{-1}(y) $$

Example:
Let \( f(x) = 2x + 3 \) and \( g(x) = x - 1 \). The composite function \( (f \circ g)(x) \) and the inverse function \( f^{-1}(x) \) are found as follows:
Composite function: $$ (f \circ g)(x) = f(g(x)) = f(x - 1) = 2(x - 1) + 3 = 2x + 1 $$ Inverse function of \( f \): Given \( y = 2x + 3 \), swap \( x \) and \( y \) and solve for \( y \): $$ x = 2y + 3 \Rightarrow y = \frac{x - 3}{2} $$ So, \( f^{-1}(x) = \dfrac{x - 3}{2} \).


Transum,

Saturday, August 17, 2019

"There is an Advanced Lesson Starter called Permutable Functions that is open ended but allows students to consolidate their understanding of composite functions."

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