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Exam-Style Questions.Problems adapted from questions set for previous Mathematics exams. |
1. | GCSE Higher |
(a) Write 0.0000657 in standard form.
(b) Write 2.371 × 104 as an ordinary number.
2. | GCSE Higher |
The following table shows the distance from the sun and mass of the eight planets.
| Planet | Distance from the Sun (km) | Mass (tonnes) |
|---|---|---|
| Mercury | 5.79×107 | 3.3×1020 |
| Venus | 1.08×108 | 4.87×1021 |
| Earth | 1.5×108 | 5.98×1021 |
| Mars | 2.28×108 | 6.42×1020 |
| Jupiter | 7.78×108 | 1.9×1024 |
| Saturn | 1.43×109 | 5.69×1023 |
| Uranus | 2.87×109 | 8.68×1022 |
| Neptune | 4.5×109 | 1.02×1023 |
(a) Which planet has the second smallest mass?
(b) Find the difference between the mass of Saturn and the mass of Jupiter.
(c) It is claimed that Saturn is about ten times further from the sun than the Earth. By showing your working explain why you either agree or disagree with this statement.
3. | GCSE Higher |
At a particular time the distance between Earth and Mercury was \(7.7 \times 10^7\) km.
A signal was sent from Earth to Mercury travelling at an estimated speed of \(3 \times 10^5\) km per second.
(a) how long did the signal take to get to Mercury?
The speed of the signal sent from Earth to Mercury was actually less than \(3 \times 10^5\) km per second.
(b) How will this affect your answer to part (a)?
4. | GCSE Higher |
A hippopotamus' heart beats approximately \(5.04 \times 10^4\) times in a day when resting.
The average lifespan of a hippopotamus is \(61\) years.
(a) Work out an estimate for the number of times a hippopotamus’ heart beats in their lifetime. Give your answer in standard form correct to 3 significant figures.
(b) A hippopotamus would eat approximately \(10^6\) kg of grass in its lifetime. Use this figure to calculate an estimate of how many kilograms of grass a hippopotamus eats each day. Give your answer correct to the nearest kilogram.
5. | IB Studies |
The Moon appears to orbit around the Earth with an average radius of 385 thousand kilometres.
(a) Write down this radius, in kilometres, in the form \(a\times 10^k\), where \( 1 \le a\lt 10,k\in \mathbb Z\)
(b) Calculate the distance, in kilometres, the Moon travels around the Earth in one orbit, assuming that the orbit is a circle.
It takes approximately 27.3 days for the Moon to complete one orbit.
(c) Calculate the total distance the Moon appears to travel around the earth during a leap year.
6. | GCSE Higher |
The volume of the Moon is \(2.2 \times 10^{10}\) km3
The volume of the Saturn is \(8.3 \times 10^{14}\) km3
How many times larger is the radius of Saturn than the radius of the Moon?
Assume that Saturn and the Moon are both spheres and that the volume \(v\) of a sphere with radius \(r\) is given by the following formula.
$$v=\frac43\pi r^3$$Give your answer to 2 significant figures.
7. | GCSE Higher |
The surface gravity, \(g\), of a planet is the gravitational acceleration experienced at its surface. The following formula can be used to find how a planet's gravity compares to Earth's.
$$g=\frac{6.67 \times 10^{-11} \times m}{r^2}$$Where \(m\) is the mass of the planet and \(r\) is the radius.
Find the ratio of the surface gravity on Jupiter and the surface gravity Mars. Give your answer in the form \(n:1\).
| Mass (kg) | Radius (m) | |
| Jupiter | 1.90 × 1027 | 6.68 × 107 |
| Mars | 6.39 × 1023 | 3.39 × 106 |
8. | IB Analysis and Approaches |
NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) has discovered a planet between the sizes of Mars and Earth orbiting a bright, cool, nearby star. The planet, called L 98-59b, marks the smallest found by TESS yet. The radius of L 98-59b is \(5.42\times 10^6\) m.
(a) Write down the diameter of the planet in kilometers.
The volume of the planet in cubic kilometers can be expressed in the form \(n\times 10^k\), where \( 1 \le n\lt 10,k\in \mathbb Z\)
(b) Find the value of \(n\) and the value of \(k\).
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